FDA pregnancy medication Labelling : Post 2015.

Mohamad Ali Salloum, PharmD • April 2, 2022

Share

  • Slide title

    Write your caption here
    Button
  • Slide title

    Write your caption here
    Button
  • Slide title

    Write your caption here
    Button
  • Slide title

    Write your caption here
    Button

Starting from 30 June 2015, the FDA implemented a new labelling rule for medications used during pregnancy and lactation.


As discussed in the previous article, the Categories published in 1979 (A, B, C, D, and X) were causing confusion for the patients and are increasing the risk to be misinterpreted by the health care professionals.


The new format is called the “Pregnancy and Lactation Labelling Rule” and is abbreviated as PLLR.


Using PLLR will remove some of the uncertainty that was caused by the previous five categories since it will contain a narrative information about the medication that will describe the potential risks of drug exposure based on available, evidence-based data. Ultimately, the new format will assist the health care professionals to assess the benefit versus risk when counseling pregnant women and nursing mothers who need the medication, and thus leading to enhanced protection of the mother and her baby.


After the PLLR was implemented, every pharmaceutical company that wants to register it’s new drug in the FDA, It should use the template provided by the FDA to include the required information in the leaflet.


Regarding the medications that were approved by FDA after 30 June 2001, The manufacturer was given from two to four years after 2015 to change the information on the leaflet as required.


Meanwhile, for the medications that were approved by the FDA before 30 June 2001, the format of the information was not required to be changed, however, It was mandated to remove the categorization that was assigned to this medication. The deadline for this action was 30 June 2018.


Concerning the OTC drugs, medications that can be given without a prescription, they were not affected by the new rule.


Not only the letter categorization was removed,  the FDA also required the manufacturer to modify the sections in the leaflet.



The below picture will illustrate the modification on sections done between the 2 formats.


   

PLLR labeling sections

Briefly describing the change in the sections:


-The FDA decided to merge "Labor and Delivery" with the "Pregnancy" in section 8.1.

-Section 8.2 was named "Lactation".

-A new section was added, which is 8.3. and it described the information regarding the females and males of reproductive potential.


Speaking about this new section, it's very important to inform the physician about every drug that is being administered by the father or the mother of the baby. Also, if the couple were planning to have a baby, then they should discuss with the doctor about the drugs that being are being administered since a lot of drugs can remain in your body even after discontinuing it. (some medications can stay for weeks and even months in our bodies).

 


List of Services

    • Slide title

      Write your caption here
      Button
    • Slide title

      Write your caption here
      Button
    • Slide title

      Write your caption here
      Button
    • Slide title

      Write your caption here
      Button

    ABOUT THE AUTHOR

    Mohamad-Ali Salloum, PharmD

    Mohamad Ali Salloum LinkedIn Profile

    Mohamad-Ali Salloum is a Pharmacist and science writer. He loves simplifying science to the general public and healthcare students through words and illustrations. When he's not working, you can usually find him in the gym, reading a book, or learning a new skill.

    Share

    Recent articles:

    By Mohamad-Ali Salloum, PharmD April 11, 2026
    How modern psychotherapy, neurosciencebased interventions, and personalized medicine are reshaping addiction treatment
    By Mohamad-Ali Salloum April 8, 2026
    How substance use progresses from experimentation to compulsive addiction.
    By Mohamad-Ali Salloum, PharmD April 6, 2026
    How emotional dysregulation, traumatic experiences, and chronic stress shape vulnerability to addiction.
    By Mohamad-Ali Salloum, PharmD April 5, 2026
    References: Biological Psychiatry Study. HDAC5 limits expression of Scn4b and regulates drug memory formation and relapse. ScienceDaily. 2025. 1 Fang Y, Sun Y, Liu Y, et al. Neurobiological mechanisms and clinical treatment of addiction. Psychoradiology. 2022;2(4):180189. 2 Palombo P. Neurobiology of Substance Use Disorders. Springer; 2025. 3 
    By Mohamad-Ali Salloum, PharmD April 3, 2026
    How scientific models explain the roots and progression of addictive behavior
    By Mohamad-Ali Salloum, PharmD April 1, 2026
    References: Karimpourvazifehkhorani A, Hekmati I. Habit loop in addictive behaviors formation among adolescents: The mediating role of impulsivity. Curr Psychol. 2025;44:4313–4325. Simón Márquez MM, Fernández Gea S, Molero Jurado MM, et al. Addictions and risk behaviors in adolescence: A systematic review. Front Psychol. 2025;16. Legends Recovery. The Science Behind Habit Formation and Breaking Addictive Patterns. 2025. Buabang EK, Donegan KR, Rafei P, Gillan CM. Leveraging cognitive neuroscience for making and breaking real-world habits. Trends Cogn Sci. 2025;29(1):41–59. Aguilar-Yamuza B, Trenados Y, Herruzo C, et al. A systematic review of treatment for impulsivity and compulsivity. Front Psychiatry. 2024;15. Science News Today. Why Habits Stick: The Hidden Psychology of Habit Formation. 2025.
    By Mohamad-Ali Salloum, PharmD March 30, 2026
    References: Peng Z, Jia Q, Mao J, et al. Neurotransmitters crosstalk and regulation in the reward circuit of subjects with behavioral addiction . Front Psychiatry. 2024;15. 2 Walid R. The Impact of Addiction on the Brain’s Reward Circuitry, And How This Affects the Motivation and Decision-Making Processes . 2025. 3 Parra-Abarca J, Palacios-Pérez HB, Baldivia-Noyola P, et al. The relation between the dopaminergic system, drug addiction, and brain structures related to reward behaviors and decision-making . Rev Mex Neurocienc. 2025. 4 Penn LPS Online. Neuroscience and addiction: Unraveling the brain's reward system . 2025. 1 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. Hijacking the Brain’s Reward System: The Neuroscience Behind Addiction . 2025.
    By Mohamad-Ali Salloum, PharmD March 28, 2026
    References: Aggarwal D, Naik J, Lindquist DH. Biphasic Model of Addiction: Neurobehavioral Adaptations . Curr Behav Neurosci Rep. 2025;12:25. 1 Blithikioti C, Fried EI, Albanese E, Field M, Cristea IA. Reevaluating the brain disease model of addiction . Lancet Psychiatry. 2025;12(6):469–474. 2 Blithikioti C, Fried EI, Albanese E, Field M, Cristea IA. Reevaluating the BrainDisease Model of Addiction (Accepted Version). University of Sheffield; 2025. Unterrainer HF. Addiction, attachment, and the brain: a focused review of empirical findings and future directions . Front Hum Neurosci. 2025;19. 3 Vaswani M. Neurobiology of Addiction . Addiction Behavioral Conference 2025. Magnus Group. 
    By Mohamad-Ali Salloum, PharmD March 24, 2026
    This guide breaks down why your body reacts the way it does, how misinterpretation fuels anxiety, and the CBT tools designed to help you understand (and stop fearing) your own physical sensations.
    More Posts